The province of Lucca extends for about 1800 sq km from Appennino Tuscan-Emilian to the Tyrrhenian Sea.

The coastal strip includes the Versilia, between Forte dei Marmi and Torre del Lago. Behind the coast, stand the bitter Apuan Alps: the Garfagnana area. The Serchio River that gives the name to the hills above Lucca, born here; the plain of river Arno included in the province of Lucca is known as the "piana di Lucca".  

Today the province of Lucca is made up of 35 municipalities. During the era of Granducato of Tuscany, the territory had a character quite different from today: in fact while the historic core (Plain of Lucca and Versilia) was the same of today, it did not include the northern Garfagnana; while the Valdinievole was included.